Which pairs of countries did not fight limited or extensive

. Which pairs of countries did not fight limited or extensive wars against each other during the 1980's or 1990's? (Points: 2) Iraq and Iran Yugoslavia and Bosnia China and South Korea Azerbaijan and Armenia all of the above 2. Which of the following is not considered a realist thinker? (Points: 2) Thomas Jefferson Thucydides Nicollo Machiavelli Hans Morganthau none of the above 3. Mercantilism did not include the following: (Points: 2) maximization of exports. minimization of imports. trade as a win-win activity. the accumulation of gold. 4. Which of the following was not a feature of Calvinism? (Points: 2) predestination all who had faith would be saved an emphasis on hard work the celebration of trade all of the above 5. XXXXX XXXXX's philosophy of economics did not include: (Points: 2) support for mercantilism. celebration of free markets. minimal government interference in the economy. the law of supply and demand. 6. Which of the following contributed to Britain's industrialization? (Points: 2) an enterprising, inventive, entrepreneurial class a mobile population an expanding middle class naval and trade supremacy all of the above 7. Which of the following did not contribute to the global depression of the 1930's? (Points: 2) America's refusal to join the League of Nations the 1929 New York stock market crash the 1930 Smoot-Hawley tariff laws competitive currency devaluations all of the above 8. Vladimir Lenin differed with Marx on: (Points: 2) the inevitability of revolution. whether revolution would break out only in the most advanced industrial states. the need for a "dictatorship of the proletariat." the dialectic of history. 9. Which of the following ideals did the United Nations Charter not espouse? (Points: 2) peace human rights national self-determination disarmament none of the above 10. Which of the following is not a multinational state? (Points: 2) Canada Switzerland Nigeria Iceland all of the above 11. Which of the following could be socialization experiences that alienate an individual from society? (Points: 2) violence injustice corruption socioeconomic exploitation all of the above 12. Which of the following does not shape an individual? (Points: 2) natural intelligence aptitude interests experiences none of the above 13. Which of the following was not among the first nation-states that achieved mass national identity? (Points: 2) Japan Britain The Netherlands The United States all of the above 14. Which of the following political philosophers did not think sovereignty should be rooted in the people? (Points: 2) Thomas Hobbes John Locke Charles Louis Montesquieu Thomas Jefferson none of the above 15. Which of the following micro-states has not ceded control of foreign affairs and defense to other countries? (Points: 2) Monaco Liechtenstein Marshall Islands Vanuatu all of the above 16. What percentage of existing nation-states are multinational states? (Points: 2) 25 percent 50 percent 75 percent 90 percent 17. Which of the following states are not considered multinational? (Points: 2) Fiji India Bangladesh Nigeria all of the above 18. Mainland China: (Points: 2) recognizes the independence and sovereignty of Taiwan. was recognized as the de facto Chinese government by the United States in the early 1970s. has never been recognized as the de facto Chinese government by Britain. is not a permanent member of the UN Security Council. 19. Which of the following was not a leading European naval power? (Points: 2) the Netherlands Portugal Austria Spain all of the above 20. Which of the following is an example of tangible power? (Points: 2) national cohesion armored divisions leadership world view all of the above 21. Which of the following are not methods of propaganda? (Points: 2) newspapers the "transistor revolution" speeches television none of the above 22. Which of the following developed the concept of "imperial over-stretch"? (Points: 2) Paul Kennedy Harold Mackinder Alfred Mahan George Kennan 23. Examples of countries smaller in population thwarting America's assertion of power include: (Points: 2) North Vietnam. Cuba. North Korea. Iran. all of the above 24. Examples of the assertion of geoeconomic power would not include: (Points: 2) OPEC's quadrupling of oil prices in 1973 and 1979. Japan's rise into a manufacturing, financial, and technological giant. the enlargement of the European Union. the development of Star Wars technology. all of the above 25. Examples of dependent relationships would not include: (Points: 2) Japan/Thailand. United States/Canada. Britain/France. France/Monaco. 26. Which of the following national interests is not shared by virtually all states? (Points: 2) political independence economic growth territorial expansion cultural preservation all of the above 27. Which of the following is not part of the rational model of foreign policy? (Points: 2) Foreign policy makers are irrational. Foreign policy makers have access to enough information. Foreign policy makers use national interests as their guide. all of the above none of the above 28. Which of the following was not an explicit Soviet policy? (Points: 2) socialism in one country revolution without borders containment peaceful coexistence all of the above 29. Which of the following models did Graham Allison not explore in his "Essence of Decision"? (Points: 2) rational bureaucratic politics organizational-process status quo/revisionist all of the above 30. Which of the following interpreted and acted on all Soviet actions through his passionate belief that communism was a ruthless, godless system dedicated to world conquest? (Points: 2) George Kennan XXXXX XXXXX Dulles Henry Kissinger Richard Nixon none of the above 31. Which president was particularly susceptible to colorful one-page synopses or even short films on complex issues? (Points: 2) Richard Nixon Harry Truman Ronald Reagan John Kennedy Bill Clinton 32. Which of the following slogans did not shape twentieth century U.S. policy? (Points: 2) Who lost China? Remember the Alamo No more Munichs No more Vietnams all of the above 33. Those who argue that international law is not true law do not point to the lack of _______. (Points: 2) an international police force an international court with universal jurisdiction institutionalized means of punishing law-breakers carefully crafted international laws all of the above 34. Who had a positivist law perspective? (Points: 2) Hugo Grotius Samuel Pufendorf Cornelis van Bynkershoek Emmerich von Vattel all of the above 35. Who wrote the following: "The law of nations is a system of rules, deducible by human reason, and established by universal consent among the civilized inhabitants of the world...This general law is founded upon this principle, that different nations ought in time of peace to do one another all the good they can, and in time of war as little harm as possible, without prejudice to their real interests."? (Points: 2) Hugo Grotius William Blackstone Samuel Pufendorf Emmerich van Vattel 36. Which of the following did not break international law? (Points: 2) India's takeover of Goa Israel's takeover of the Sinai China's takeover of Tibet Britain's takeover of Hong Kong all of the above 37. Which of the following are not reasons why states obey international law? (Points: 2) self-interest fear of retaliation fear that it may encourage other states to break the law belief that international law is just none of the above 38. Which is not true of the International Court of Justice? (Points: 2) located at the Hague hears cases and then rules universal jurisdiction 15 judges all of the above 39. The United Nations was officially created with which of the following? (Points: 2) San Francisco Treaty Versailles Treaty Treaty of Paris Geneva Convention 40. Which issues has the UN addressed? (Points: 2) de-colonization human rights the environment health and poverty all of the above 41. Which of the following is not affiliated with the UN? (Points: 2) Universal Postal Union (UPU) International Telecommunications Union (ITU) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) none of the above 42. Which of the following is not affiliated with the UN? (Points: 2) Organization of African Unity (OAU) International Labor Organization (ILO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) UN Environmental Program (UNEP) all of the above 43. Which of the following is not a secular NGO? (Points: 2) International Chamber of Commerce International Federation of Airline Pilots' Association International Council of Scientific Unions World Council of Churches all of the above 44. Islamic fundamentalists have committed terrorist acts in which country? (Points: 2) the United States Lebanon Egypt Saudi Arabia all of the above 45. Europeans' first attempt at collective security began with the ________. (Points: 2) Concert of Europe Treaty of Westphalia League of Nations European Union European Community 46. Which of the following have been reasons for war? (Points: 2) to gain or defend territory to gain or defend wealth to gain or defend religion to gain or defend ideology all of the above 47. Which of the following audiences do statesmen often have? (Points: 2) domestic constituents foreign rivals international community their own egos all of the above 48. Of the following ideologies, which is least associated with the initiation of war? (Points: 2) democratic socialism communism Catholicism fascism 49. An "uncivil" war is most likely to occur when _________. (Points: 2) the United States is an active participant in the war the central government is weak there is one faction that is strongly committed to an ideology guerrilla war is not a viable option 50. When did the United States recognize Russia's communist government? (Points: 2) 1917 1922 1933 1945 51. Which was not discussed at the Yalta Conference? (Points: 2) fate of Poland division of Germany spheres of influence division of Western Europe all of the above 52. A civil war in which country prompted the Truman Doctrine? (Points: 2) China Iran Greece Poland none of the above 53. In which country did the United States not foster a coup d'etat? (Points: 2) North Korea Iran South Vietnam Guatemala none of the above 54. Where did Moscow not probe Western resolve? (Points: 2) Berlin (1948-49) Berlin (1958-62) Cuba (1962) Czechoslovakia (1968) 55. Which of the following was not associated with Mikhail Gorbachev? (Points: 2) glasnost perestroika the collapse of the Soviet empire and communism communism's revival 56. Which of the following did not occur that year? (Points: 2) communist coup in Czechoslovakia in 1948 Berlin crisis in 1948-49 Chinese Revolution in 1949 Soviet explosion of atomic bomb in 1946 all of the above 57. Which of the following was not a consequence of the Korean War's outbreak? (Points: 2) U.S. led a U.N. sanctioned army to South Korea's relief U.S. invaded North Vietnam U.S. sent 7th fleet to protect Taiwan U.S. invaded North Korea none of the above 58. Radiation poisoning can cause _________. (Points: 2) vomiting cancer genetic mutations death all of the above 59. Which of the following is not part of Washington's "triad" strategy? (Points: 2) ICBMs SLBMs bombers armored divisions all of the above 60. Which of the following is not a U.S. nuclear weapons system? (Points: 2) MX SS-18 B-52 Minuteman none of the above 61. Regarding nuclear weapons, Israel ________. (Points: 2) must deal with several hostile neighbors that already possess them has promised massive retaliation against any direct conventional attack on its borders has a missile capable of delivering warheads to much of the Middle East has destroyed its entire arsenal 62. Which of the following is not a type of genuine war? (Points: 2) international civil colonial none of the above 63. Which of the following inventions stimulated vast changes in how wars are fought? (Points: 2) railroad airplane jet tank all of the above 64. U.S. military doctrine in the 1990's involved _________. (Points: 2) mobility a rapid buildup close coordination between the services the use of overwhelming force to defeat the enemy as soon as possible all of the above 65. Which of the following is a reason for persistent global arms sales? (Points: 2) New technology makes old weapons obsolete. Some governments buy them for prestige. Geopolitical conflicts continue. There is a demand for them. all of the above 66. Which of the following arms-control talks did not take place between 1973 and 1991? (Points: 2) Mutual and Balanced Force Reduction (MBFR) Conventional Arms Transfer Talks (CAM) Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) Hague Convention all of the above 67. In which of the following countries do women hold the greatest percentage of positions in government? (Points: 2) United States Great Britain Sweden Japan Russia 68. What is the most important factor affecting the value of a currency? (Points: 2) how long it has been in existence its relative supply and demand the economic growth rate of the country that issues it whether or not it has an AAA rating from the World Bank 69. Mercantilism argued that economic security was most important for ________. (Points: 2) military security propagation of nationalist ideology ensuring economic growth in the lowest classes a national sense of well-being 70. Which of the following countries was not among the most powerful states in shaping the global political economy? (Points: 2) Belgium Portugal the Netherlands Spain 71. Who among the following is not a liberal economic theorist? (Points: 2) Alexander Hamilton XXXXX XXXXX David Ricardo John Stuart Mill all of the above 72. Which of the following organizations was proposed but never realized? (Points: 2) IMF IBRD ITO GATT none of the above 73. During much of the 1980's, which of the following was not part of a vicious economic cycle entrapping the United States? (Points: 2) high government deficits balanced government budgets increasing national debt trade and payments deficits 74. During America's military occupation of Japan, this was not one of America's policies: ________. (Points: 2) imposing sweeping economic reforms imposing a liberal democratic constitution and political system opening U.S. markets to Japanese goods and services forcing Japan to open its markets to world trade none of the above 75. Which of the following was not a charismatic leader? (Points: 2) Mao Zedong Fidel Castro Abdel Nasser Richard Nixon 76. A political system is unstable when ________. (Points: 2) the population views its basic institutions and processes as legitimate decision makers have enough authority to make and implement policies there is a growing gap between "haves" and "have nots" the transfer of power from one leader to the next is smooth and accepted none of the above 77. Which of the following makes a coup less likely? (Points: 2) The nation is split by deep and growing social, economic, ethnic, religious, and/or political antagonisms. Legitimacy of the regime is unquestioned. There is a growing economic crisis and worsening gap between rich and poor. Government and bureaucratic corruption and inefficiency are entrenched. all of the above 78. Which of the following makes a coup less likely? (Points: 2) rigid class structure in which military service is the best means of social mobility economic expansion, low inflation, low unemployment military increasingly believes it is the only institution with the power, legitimacy, and ideas to reform the country foreign business interests, diplomats, and/or military advisors encourage a coup all of the above 79. Which of the following countries did not experience successful reform movements in the 1990s? (Points: 2) Burma Taiwan South Korea Philippines all of the above 80. Which of the following did not characterize most pre-colonial regimes? (Points: 2) villages self-sufficient land held communally money-based economy subsistence agriculture all of the above 81. In most Third World countries, what condition does not characterize most of the population? (Points: 2) access to good health care malnourishment illiteracy mass under- and unemployment 82. Which of the following is a problem with infrastructure in many Third World countries? (Points: 2) Telephones do not work. Mail is not delivered. Roads are narrow, unpaved, and pot-holed. Food rots for lack of refrigeration or storage. all of the above 83. Which of the following is not a NIC? (Points: 2) South Korea Taiwan Sudan Malaysia all of the above 84. Which of the following were common to the successful development of South Korea and Taiwan? (Points: 2) land reform export substitution an emphasis on developing light industry using Japan's neomercantilist policies as a model all of the above 85. Who said the following: "The colonized man is an envious man."? (Points: 2) V.I. Lenin Frantz Fanono Fidel Castro Mao Zedong 86. Of the following regions, which had the lowest human development index in 1997? (Points: 2) East Asia Arab states Latin America and Caribbean South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa 87. For most of the second half of the twentieth century, this dominated American policy regarding the Third World: ________. (Points: 2) liberation theology the cold war liberalism pacifism dependency theory 88. Which of the following was not among the NIEO goals? (Points: 2) the liberalization and extension of GSP privileges to semi-finished and finished goods the nationalization of all MNC holdings in the Third World the increase in the Third World share of global industrial production to 25 percent by the year 2000 an increase in foreign aid from donors to at least 0.70 percent of their GNP all of the above 89. Which of the following tactics did the "seven sisters" oil corporations not use to maintain their domination of global oil markets? (Points: 2) fix prices drive independents out of business impose lucrative extraction agreements for themselves on governments insist on profits for themselves only large enough to cover expenses all of the above 90. Which of the following did not result from OPEC's oil prices hikes? (Points: 2) higher economic growth for the industrial countries stagflation in the 1970s greater Third World debt slower Third World economic growth and greater political instability none of the above 91. Which of the following did not contribute to the debt crisis? (Points: 2) OPEC's oil price hikes Third World dependence on oil as an energy source western banks' need to recycle petrodollars lack of sophisticated banks in OPEC none of the above 92. During the 1980's, which of the following countries or areas did not discover large new oil sources? (Points: 2) North Sea China Mexico Saudi Arabia all of the above 93. Which of the following Third World countries does not have its own MNCs? (Points: 2) Chad India South Korea Venezuela all of the above 94. Which of the following is a reason MNCs invest overseas? (Points: 2) cheap labor access to protected markets raw materials lax health, safety, tax, and environmental restrictions all of the above 95. This company had the largest amount of worldwide sales in 1997: ________. (Points: 2) Wal-Mart General Motors Sony Exxon Microsoft 96. Of the following, who believes that the more population on earth the better, because then there are more minds to solve problems, begin businesses, and buy products? (Points: 2) XXXXX XXXXXsen Julian Simon Paul Ehrlich Lester Brown all of the above 97. Which of the following is not a possible effect of a continuing depletion of the ozone layer? (Points: 2) increased skin-cancer rates depressed immune systems declining crop yields the destruction of important food-chain links none of the above 98. Which of the following increases desertification? (Points: 2) clear-cutting drip irrigation crop rotation biogenetics none of the above 99. Which of the following is not a way to alleviate environmental crises? (Points: 2) birth control debt-for-nature swaps pollution controls unrestricted ocean fishing all of the above 100. The greatest percentage of the world's population is _________. (Points: 2) African White Asian Hispanic Indian/Aboriginal

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